Intrepid Ibex 8.10

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Koristite Kubuntu ili Xubuntu? Posetite http://kubuntuguide.org/ and http://xubuntuguide.org/


Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

Ubuntu Intrepid Ibex, naslednik Hardy Herona objavljen je 30. oktobra 2008, sudeći po trenutnom rasporedu objavljivanja. Ovaj vodič je u osnovi namenjen za rane korisnike i testiranje dok datuma objave izdanja 8.10. Intrepid Ibex nije nipošto stabilan i spreman za BILO kakvu upotrebu za ozbiljan rad i okruženje. Molimo Vas za pomoć na proširenju i unapređenju ovog uputstva.

Sadržaj

Preface

Više podataka o Intrepid/8.10

  • Ubuntu 8.10 je objavljen 30. oktobra 2008.
  • Kodno ime mu je Interpid Ibeks (Intrepid Ibex) i naslednik je Hardi Herona (Hardy Heron).
  • Osnovne aktivnosti ovog izdanja su na unapređenju rada s udobnosti korišćenja radnog okruženja poboljšanjem brzine, uvođenjem novog podrazumevanog izgleda okruženja (teme) i činjenjm pristupa mreži i internetu lagodnim i jednostavnim ili čak nepotrebnim da se podešava ručno. Uvodna poruka od Mark Shuttleworth

Ubuntu pozadinu radne površine

Ubuntu pozadinu radne površine možete besplatno skinuti odavde

Jednostavno uputstvo kako unaprediti sa Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) na Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

Ako želite da unapredite stabilno izdanje Ubuntu 8.04 na Ubuntu 8.10 koristite ovao jednostavno uputstvo Uputstvo za unapređenje

O Upravljanju programskim paketima

Ubuntu koristi pakete zvane deb (.deb) koji se međusobno odnose preko velike mreže međuzavisnosti i sukobnih odnosa. Paketi postavljeni ili ukonjeni preko ovog sistema osiguravaju da su odgovarajuće datoteke postavljene, podešene i ukonjene na automatski način. gde je moguće, najbolje je koristiti ovaj sistem umesto postavljanja programa ručno ili preko pravljenih skripti za postavljanje. Većina programa je dostupna u Ubuntu programskim riznicama (Repositories) i dopunskim ličnim arhiviranim paketima (.deb) koji mogu da se dodaju ako je potrebno novije izdanje nekih programa.

Kako da vidite koje izdanje Ubuntu sistema koristite

Da biste videli koje izdanje Ubuntu sistema koristite, možete da unesete sledeću komandu u terminalu (konzoli/komandnoj liniji) : 

lsb_release -a

Da biste ustanovili na kom izdanje je Linuks jezgro sistema koje koristite

Unesite ovu komandu: 

 uname -a

Novija izdanja Ubuntu sistema

  • Ubuntu koristi šestomesečni period izlaženja
  • Ova izlaženja se dešavaju u aprilu i oktobru
  • Sledeće izlaženje je planirano za 30. oktobar 2008. i to je Interpid/8.10.

O Ubuntu i zvaničnim Ubuntu podvarijantama

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (izdanje sa dugom podrškom) Uputstva i prečice

Ubuntu snimci ekrana

Ubuntu 8.10 Alpha 1 Galerija snimaka okruženja

Pogledajte izmenjenu temu i sliku za pozadinu radne površine ovde

Ubuntu Intrepid Ibex LAMP Server

Za instalaciju Ubuntu Server Editiona potrebno Vam je oko 15 minuta, i instalacijom se dobija LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL i PHP) server instaliran i spreman za korišćenje. Ova opcija, je za Ubuntu Server Edition dostupna za vreme instalacije.

Ovde pogledajte jednostavno uputstvo za podešavanje.

Dual-Booting Windows i Ubuntu

Možete naići na probleme prilikom podizanja Ubuntu i Windows Viste s obzirom na način na koji novi Windows Vista bootloader radi i kako ga očekuje u MBR i boot da se ponaša. Wubi (Windows Ubuntu Installer) je zvanično podržani dual-boot instalacioni program. Ako imate problema s Wubi, EasyBCD je besplatni Windows program koji olakšava korišćenje dva operativna sistema Windows Vista i Ubuntu (među ostalim distribucijama), sigurno i brzo.

Dual-Booting Mac OSX and Ubuntu

Mac OSX is popular unix and stable as linux.

Installing mac after ubuntu

If you decide to make dual boot between this OS, very important thing you must do during ubuntu installation is choosing ext2 in your ubuntu partition. Yet, you must already have Super Grub Disk's cd before install all this method. Burn iso image in your mini cd. Find SGD at *http://supergrub.forjamari.linex.org If you already installed ubuntu, add this to your intrepid's menu.lst 

title Mac OSX
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1

Reboot pc and boot mac osx ang go to terminal. If you find a problem to boot, insert mac osx dvd. Press F8 and enter -s. Copy this after verbose have finish. 

fdisk -e /dev/rdisk0
flag 2 <--note that flag 2 is my mac partiton number two
quit
y
reboot

If you still have a doubt about it, insert Super Grub Disk and make a grub active.

Installing ubuntu after mac

If get error message in boot such as HFS+error in bootloader. USE SUPER GRUB DISK. SGD is useful tool for recover linux grub and windows MBR.

Add this to your intrepid's menu.lst 

title Mac OSX
root (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1

All menu.lst attaced here is for example. If you have a doubt to boot mac or windows in grub, choose title mac osx in grub menu, we will edit it please enter: 

e

on title macosx, change root (hd0,0) to 

root (hd0,1)

it's mean, you will boot in partition number 1. Press enter and: 

b

You will boot to mac osx or windows. If still doubt, you can try any number,

mac osx guide

Ručna metoda za dodavanje Repositorijuma

  • Napravite bekap postojeće liste izvora. 
sudo cp -p /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
  • Otvorite listu izvora u uređivaču teksta

Ubuntu korisnici: 

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
  • Zamenite sve sa sledećim linijama teksta

ubuntu intrepid sources.list

## UBUNTU REPOSITORIES
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb-src http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
deb http://my.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-proposed restricted main multiverse universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntume.team/ubuntu intrepid main # Ubuntu Muslim Edition
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntume.team/ubuntu intrepid main # Ubuntu Muslim Edition
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu intrepid main
## +++ Backports & Proposed (Ubuntu Unstable) +++
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
## +++ Source Repositories +++
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu hardy main
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid main restricted
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates main restricted
##Universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates universe
## Multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-updates multiverse
## Backports
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Canonical Partner Repository
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu intrepid partner
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu intrepid-security multiverse
## PLF REPOSITORY
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ gutsy free non-free
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/reacocard-awn/ubuntu gutsy main
## +++ Medibuntu +++
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ hardy free non-free
deb http://packages.medibuntu.org/ intrepid free non-free
deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/kubuntu-members-kde4/ubuntu hardy main
deb http://playonlinux.botux.net/ hardy main
  • I sačuvajte ( snimite )

Zatim pokrenite sledeće komande u konzoli: 

wget -q http://packages.medibuntu.org/medibuntu-key.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
wget -q http://playonlinux.botux.net/pol.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-get update

Internet Broadband Connection

Broadband wireless connection (GPRS, EDGE, UMTS and HSDPA) are very popular and famous nowaday. Connecting internet directly by usb, pcmcia, wireless broadband router, bluetooth etc is easy now. But how to make it easier?

he220r1 release

he220r1 was made special to huawei E220 usb modem user but also supported any 3G devices included mobile phone. The he220r1 is for ubuntu, kubuntu, edubuntu, and all ubuntu based such as gos, ubuntu CE, ubuntu ME, poseidon, open-geu, mythbuntu, ubuntu-studio, ultimate, fluxbuntu, embun, ubuntulite, fluxbuntu, blankon etc. I think this is good news for ubuntu user because ubuntu is a top 5 hits ranking in distrowatch, got many user and fan and very practically to newbies. Please refer to he220r1 official blogsite at he220r1 The he220r1 will set up ttyUSB0, ttyACM0, ttySHSF0, ttySL0, ttynoz0,ttytts0, ttyircomm0, tty0 and ttyifcomm0 in ubuntu directory. With he220r1, you can connect internet easily by terminal or kppp, gppp, network applet, vodafone-mobile-connect-card-driver-for linux and UMTSMON., Be a first one to download it. Get he220r1 free direct download at:

torrent version: (maybe very slow)

Graphics cards and displays

xorg.conf

Pre instalacije bilo kog drajvera za ATI ili nvidiu, napravite rezervnu kopiju fajla xorg.conf pre korišćenja ove metode. 

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /home/user

Ukoliko ste uređivali ovaj fajl i želite da ga automatski napravite ponovo, pokrenite sledeću komandu: 

sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg

Ukoliko želite da probate ovaj xorg.conf nakon instalacije drajvera, morate napraviti kopiju xorg.conf na sedeći način. I zatim, uredite /etc/X11/xorg.conf u uređuvaču teksta. Dodajte ili prepravite ovaj primer fajla xorg.conf.

xorg.conf za nvidia 
 Section "Screen"
 Identifier "Default Screen"
 Device "Configured Video Device"
 Monitor "Configured Monitor"
 SubSection "Display"
 Depth 16
 Modes "1280x1024" "1024x768"
 Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
 EndSubSection

 Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "True"
 Defaultdepth 24
 EndSection
 Section "Module"
 Load "glx"
 Load "GLcore"
 Load "v4l"
 EndSection
 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Configured Video Device"
 Boardname "vesa"
 Busid "PCI:1:0:0"
 Driver "nvidia"
 Screen 0
 EndSection
 
 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Device0"
 BoardName "Generic Geforce 5500"
 Driver "nvidia"
 Vendorname "NVIDIA Corporation"
 Option "DualHead" "1"
 Option "ShadowFB" "1"
 Option "FPScale" "1"
 Option "TwinView" "True"
 Option "TwinViewOrientation" "RightOf"
 Option "UseEdidFreqs" "True"
 Option "Metamodes" "1024x768,1024x768"
 Option "UseDisplayDevice" "DFP"
 EndSection
 
 Section "Device"
 Identifier "Videocard0"
 Driver "nv"
 VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
 BoardName "GeForce 7600 GT"
 EndSection
 
 Section "InputDevice"
 Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
 Driver "kbd"
 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
 Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
 EndSection

 Section "InputDevice"
 Identifier "Configured Mouse"
 Driver "mouse"
 EndSection
 Section "ServerLayout"
 Identifier "Default Layout"
 screen 0 "Default Screen" 0 0
 EndSection
 
 Section "Extensions"
 Option "Composite" "Enable"
 EndSection

Installation of ATI and nVidia Graphics drivers

NVidia Driver

If you have problems with Nvidia drivers after upgrade check This guide for common problem with nvidia and solutions.

  • Please make backup xorg.conf before following this method.

Install the nvidia-setting package: 

 sudo apt-get install nvidia-settings

Download Nvidia driver at http://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx?lang=en-us and place it at your home directory. After finish download, close all opened window and press F1. Log in and enter password and then just dial your internet. Press F2, kill gdm or kdm season by entering sudo killall <your desktop manager>, example: 

 sudo killall gdm

Install nvidia driver. Make sure you are at nvidia driver directory. If you download it and placed in Desktop, make sure to change a directory first. 

cd Desktop

To install it, enter /NVIDIA-Linux-x**-***.**-pkg1.run, example if you downloaded Nvidia version 173.80: 

sudo ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86-173.80-pkg1.run

choose yes to any verbose response. After finish installing the driver, reboot your computer. 

sudo reboot

ATI Driver

Dock on Ubuntu Intrepid

Beautiful dock in linux arena are avant window manager and wbar and it has been using by gOS as default dock.

avant window manager

1. A very important software that you must install are: 

sudo apt-get install avant-window-navigator-bzr xfwm4 xcompmgr awn-core-applets-bzr awn-manager-bzr compiz compizconfig-settings-manager libawn-bzr-dev libawn0-bzr

2. This will install important package to awn setting. Ok after installing, open menu-system-preferences-sessions. Add new sessions: 

compiz
xcompmgr
xfwm4
avant-window-navigator-delay

4. close sessions after added.

5. Now open system-preferences-awn manager, at general tab, check box automatically start awn..., Still in awn manager, choose Applets dialogue and activate stacks applet at least 3 item. And now you can choose othe applets.

6. Close awn manager. (During the settings, your desktop maybe freeze)

7. Press Alt+F2 button and activate 

compiz
xcompmgr
avant-window-navigator


Another way

1. Include sources. Open your terminal, type the command 

echo 'deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/reacocard-awn/ubuntu intrepid main' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

echo 'deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/reacocard-awn/ubuntu intrepid main' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

2.Then update the source 

sudo apt-get update

3.Install package 

sudo apt-get install avant-window-navigator-bzr awn-core-applets-bzr awn-manager-bzr xfwm4 xcompmgr libawn-bzr-dev libawn0-bzr

wbar

Find wbar in synaptic (need to update your repo first). After installed libimlib2-dev and wbar, start wbar with your initial settings, press alt+F2: 

wbar -isize 48 -j 1 -p bottom -balfa 40 -bpress -nanim 3 -z 2.5 -above-desk

configure wbar

First off be sure to look at: 

wbar --help

its got all the options listed there. Heres the line I use to open mine, look at the screen shot below: 

wbar -above-desk -pos bottom -isize 60 -nanim 1 -bpress -jumpf 0.0 -zoomf 1.5

note that if you want the "wave" effect just increase the -nanim value, I like the icons to just pop up so I don't use it, with 9 icons 5 is a nice "wave" effect.

Note the paths are all absolute, do that and your font and image problems are solved. If you can't see hidden folder, just enter ctrl + h on home/user nautilus. If you can't find .wbar directory, maybe you can gedit it here:: 

sudo gedit /usr/share/wbar/dot.wbar

more wbar-guide

Multimedia

Gledanje VCD u VLC programu

Ovo je uputstvo za gledanje VCD-ova.

Otvorite fajl, u Open Disc dijalogu, kliknite na Disc tab ( jezičak ) i izaberite VCD kao disc type i dobićete: 

vcdx:///dev/hdd :audio-track=0

u advanced options /dev/hdd je moj CD-ROM uređaj. Uklonite x i promenite u: 

vcd:///dev/hdd :audio-track=0

Add-on Applications

Kako instalirati aplikacije za proučavanje religioznih tekstova

Kako instalirati Gnomesword

  • Ova komanda instalira program na engleskom jeziku: 
sudo apt-get install gnomesword sword-language-pack-en sword-text-web
  • Ako želite druge jezike kucajte: 
sudo apt-cache search bible
  • Pogledajte takodje i "sword-language-pack" i "sword-text" za dodatne jezike.

Gnomesword se može pronaći na "Applications → Accessories".

Kako instalirati Zekr

Zekr je alatke za jednostavnu pretragu u proučavanje Kurana.

  • Uverite se da su vam omogućeni "universe" i "multiverse" repozitorijumi. Pa instalirajte Zekr komandom: 
sudo apt-get install zekr zekr-quran-translations-en ttf-sil-scheherazade ttf-farsiweb

Add Ubuntu Desktop to windows Active directory and integrate windows AD with Smba server

Likewise Open is a free, open source application that joins Linux, Unix, and Mac machines to Microsoft Active Directory and securely authenticates users with their domain credentials.

This Tutorial How to add Ubuntu to win server Active Directory Domain

This Tutorial How to Integrate windows Active Directory and Samba in Ubuntu

Saveti i trikovi

Zamrzavenje

Postoje mnogi trikovi da popravite zamrznuti računar ili program. Pritisnite Alt+F2, i koristite killall da bi ugasili zamrznutu aplikaciju. Primeri: 

killall amarok
killall firefox

Još jedan trik je da pritisnete Alt+Ctrl+backspace. Na ovaj način će te se izlogovati. Ali, šta ako ni ovo ne radi? Pokušajte spritiskom na Ctrl+Alt+F1, ulogujte se, unesite vaše koristničko ime i šifru i pokrenite: 

sudo killall gdm
sudo startx

Gledanje sakrivenih fajlova i direktorijuma

Otvorite nautilus i pritisnite: 

Ctrl + H

alien

Sprečite alien da menja broj verzije sledećom komandom: 

alien -k rpm_file_name.rpm

Konvertujte package.rpm u package.deb 

alien -d package-name.rpm

Konvertujte package.rpm u package.deb, i instalirajte generisani paket: 

alien -i package-name.rpm

da konvertujete sve .rpm pakete u datom direktorijumu u debian 

sudo alien -k *.rpm
Dobavljeno iz "http://www.ubuntu-rs.org/wiki/Intrepid_Ibex_8.10"